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List of countries and dependencies by area

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"List of largest countries" redirects here. For the largest countries by population, see List of countries and dependencies by population.

Dymaxion map of the world with the 30 largest countries and territories by area

This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.

The entries in this list include, but are not limited to, those in the ISO 3166-1 standard, which includes sovereign states and dependent territories. All 193 member states of the United Nations plus the two observer states are given a rank number. Largely unrecognised states not in ISO 3166-1 are included in the list in ranked order. The areas of such largely unrecognised states are in most cases also included in the areas of the more widely recognised states that claim the same territory; see the notes in the "Notes" column for each country for clarification.

Not included in the list are individual country claims to parts of the continent of Antarctica or entities such as the European Union[a] that have some degree of sovereignty but do not consider themselves to be sovereign countries or dependent territories.

This list includes three measurements of area:

  • Total area: the sum of land and water areas within international boundaries and coastlines.
  • Land area: the aggregate of all land within international boundaries and coastlines, excluding water area.
  • Water area: the sum of the surface areas of all inland water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, and rivers) within international boundaries and coastlines.[2] Coastal internal waters may be included. Territorial seas are not included unless otherwise noted. Contiguous zones and exclusive economic zones are not included.

Total area is taken from the United Nations Statistics Division unless otherwise noted.[3] Land and water are taken from the Food and Agriculture Organization unless otherwise noted.[4] The CIA World Factbook is most often used when different UN departments disagree.[1] Other sources and details for each entry may be specified in the relevant footnote.

Map

Countries of the world by area

Countries and dependencies by area

Country / dependency Total
in km2 (mi2) 		Land
in km2 (mi2) 		Water
in km2 (mi2) 		%
water
–  Earth 510,072,000 (196,940,000) 148,940,000 (57,506,000) 361,132,000 (139,434,000) 70.8
1  Russia 17,098,246 (6,601,667) 16,376,870 (6,323,142) 721,380 (278,530) 4.2 [b]
–  Antarctica 14,200,000 (5,480,000) 14,200,000 (5,480,000) 0 0 [c]
2  Canada 9,984,670 (3,855,100) 9,093,507 (3,511,021) 891,163 (344,080) 8.9 [d]
3/4
[e] 		 China 9,596,960 (3,705,410) 9,326,410 (3,600,950) 270,550 (104,460) 2.8 [f]
 United States 9,525,067 (3,677,647) 9,147,593 (3,531,904) 377,424 (145,724) 4.0 [g]
5  Brazil 8,510,346 (3,285,862) 8,460,415 (3,266,583) 55,352 (21,372) 0.6 [h]
6  Australia 7,741,220 (2,988,900) 7,682,300 (2,966,200) 58,920 (22,750) 0.8 [i]
7  India 3,287,263 (1,269,219) 2,973,190 (1,147,960) 314,070 (121,260) 9.6 [j]
8  Argentina 2,780,400 (1,073,500) 2,736,690 (1,056,640) 43,710 (16,880) 1.6 [k]
9  Kazakhstan 2,724,910 (1,052,090) 2,699,700 (1,042,400) 25,202 (9,731) 0.9 [l]
10  Algeria 2,381,741 (919,595) 2,381,741 (919,595) 0 0 [m]
11  Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,344,858 (905,354) 2,267,048 (875,312) 77,810 (30,040) 3.3 [n]
–  Kingdom of Denmark 2,210,573 (853,507) 2,209,913 (853,252) 660 (260) 0.0 [o]
–  Greenland (Denmark) 2,166,086 (836,330) 2,166,086 (836,330) 0 0 [p]
12  Saudi Arabia 2,149,690 (830,000) 2,149,690 (830,000) 0 0 [q]
13  Mexico 1,964,375 (758,449) 1,943,950 (750,563) 20,425 (7,886) 1.0
14  Indonesia 1,904,569 (735,358) 1,811,569 (699,450) 93,000 (36,000) 4.9 [r]
15  Sudan 1,861,484 (718,723) 1,731,671 (668,602) 129,813 (50,121) 7.0 [q]
16  Libya 1,759,540 (679,362) 1,759,540 (679,362) 0 0 [q]
17  Iran 1,648,195 (636,371) 1,531,595 (591,352) 116,600 (45,020) 7.1 [s]
18  Mongolia 1,564,116 (603,908) 1,557,507 (601,357) 6,609 (2,552) 0.4
19  Peru 1,285,216 (496,224) 1,279,996 (494,209) 5,220 (2,020) 0.4
20  Chad 1,284,000 (495,800) 1,259,200 (486,180) 24,800 (9,580) 1.9 [t]
21  Niger 1,267,000 (489,200) 1,266,700 (489,080) 300 (100) 0
22  Angola 1,246,700 (481,350) 1,246,700 (481,350) 0 0
23  Mali 1,240,192 (478,841) 1,220,190 (471,118) 20,000 (8,000) 1.6
24  South Africa 1,219,090 (470,693) 1,214,470 (468,909) 4,620 (1,780) 0.4 [q]
25  Colombia 1,138,910 (439,735) 1,038,700 (401,040) 100,210 (38,691) 8.8 [q]
26  Ethiopia 1,104,300 (426,370) 1,096,570 (423,388) 7,730 (2,990) 0.7 [u]
27  Bolivia 1,098,581 (424,164) 1,083,300 (418,260) 15,280 (5,900) 1.4
28  Mauritania 1,030,700 (397,960) 1,030,700 (397,960) 0 (0) 0
29  Egypt 1,001,450 (386,662) 995,450 (384,350) 6,000 (2,000) 0.6 [v]
30  Tanzania 947,303 (365,756) 885,800 (342,000) 61,500 (23,700) 6.5
31  Nigeria 923,768 (356,669) 910,770 (351,650) 13,000 (5,000) 1.4
32  Venezuela 912,050 (352,140) 882,050 (340,560) 30,000 (10,000) 3.3 [w]
33  Pakistan 882,363 (340,682) 857,143 (330,945) 25,220 (9,737) 2.9 [x]
34  Namibia 824,292 (318,261) 823,290 (317,870) 1,002 (387) 0.1 [q]
35  Mozambique 799,380 (308,640) 786,380 (303,620) 13,000 (5,000) 1.6
36  Turkey 783,562 (302,535) 769,632 (297,156) 13,930 (5,378) 1.8 [y]
37  Chile 756,102 (291,932) 743,812 (287,187) 12,290 (4,745) 1.6 [z]
38  Zambia 752,612 (290,585) 743,390 (287,020) 9,220 (3,560) 1.2
39  Myanmar 676,578 (261,228) 653,508 (252,321) 23,070 (8,907) 3.4
40  Afghanistan 652,864 (252,072) 652,230 (251,830) 630 (240) 0.1
41  South Sudan 644,329 (248,777) [aa]
42  France 643,801 (248,573) 640,427 (247,270) 3,374 (1,303) 0.5 [ab]
43  Somalia 637,657 (246,201) 627,340 (242,220) 10,320 (3,985) 1.6 [ac]
44  Central African Republic 622,984 (240,535) 622,984 (240,535) 0 0
45  Ukraine 603,550 (233,030) 579,330 (223,680) 24,220 (9,351) 4.0 [ad]
46  Madagascar 587,041 (226,658) 581,540 (224,530) 5,501 (2,124) 0.9
47  Botswana 582,000 (225,000) 566,730 (218,820) 15,000 (5,800) 2.6 [q]
48  Kenya 580,367 (224,081) 569,140 (219,750) 11,227 (4,335) 1.9 [ae]
–  France (metropolitan) 551,500 (212,900) 549,970 (212,350) 1,530 (591) 0.3 [af]
49  Yemen 527,968 (203,850) 527,968 (203,850) 0 0 [ag]
50  Thailand 513,120 (198,120) 510,890 (197,260) 2,230 (861) 0.4
51  Spain 505,370 (195,120) 498,980 (192,660) 6,390 (2,470) 1.3
52  Turkmenistan 488,100 (188,500) 469,930 (181,440) 18,170 (7,015) 3.7
53  Cameroon 475,650 (183,650) 472,710 (182,510) 2,730 (1,050) 0.6 [q]
54  Papua New Guinea 462,840 (178,700) 452,860 (174,850) 9,980 (3,850) 2.2
55  Sweden 450,295 (173,860) 407,284 (157,253) 40,142 (15,499) 9.0 [ah]
56  Uzbekistan 447,400 (172,700) 425,400 (164,200) 22,000 (8,500) 4.9
57  Morocco 446,550 (172,410) 446,300 (172,300) 250 (97) 0.1 [ai]
58  Iraq 438,317 (169,235) 437,367 (168,868) 950 (370) 0.2 [aj]
59  Paraguay 406,752 (157,048) 397,300 (153,400) 9,452 (3,649) 2.3
60  Zimbabwe 390,757 (150,872) 386,850 (149,360) 3,910 (1,510) 1.0
61  Norway 386,224 (149,122) 366,704 (141,585) 19,520 (7,537) 5.1 [ak]
62  Japan 377,915 (145,914) 364,485 (140,728) 13,430 (5,185) 3.6 [al]
63  Germany 357,581 (138,063) 349,390 (134,900) 7,860 (3,040) 2.2 [am]
64  Republic of the Congo 342,000 (132,000) 341,500 (131,900) 500 (200) 0.1
65  Finland 338,145 (130,558) 303,815 (117,304) 34,330 (13,260) 10.2 [an]
66  Vietnam 331,340 (127,930) 313,429 (121,016) 17,801 (6,873) 5.4
67  Malaysia 330,621 (127,653) 329,432 (127,194) 1,190 (459) 0.4
–  Norway (mainland) 323,802 (125,021) 304,282 (117,484) 19,520 (7,537) 6.0 [ao]
68  Ivory Coast 322,462 (124,503) 318,000 (123,000) 4,460 (1,720) 1.4
69  Poland 312,685 (120,728) 304,255 (117,473) 8,430 (3,260) 3.7
70  Oman 309,500 (119,500) 309,500 (119,500) 0 0 [q]
71  Italy 302,068 (116,629) 295,717 (114,177) 6,350 (2,450) 2.1
72  Philippines 300,000 (100,000) 298,170 (115,120) 1,830 (707) 0.6 [ap]
73  Ecuador 283,561 (109,483) 276,841 (106,889) 6,720 (2,600) 2.4 [aq]
74  Burkina Faso 274,200 (105,900) 273,800 (105,700) 400 (200) 0.2 [q]
75  New Zealand 268,838 (103,799) 264,537 (102,138) 4,301 (1,661) 1.6 [ar]
76  Gabon 267,668 (103,347) 257,670 (99,487) 10,000 (4,000) 3.7
–  Western Sahara 266,000 (103,000) 266,000 (103,000) 0 0 [as]
77  Guinea 245,857 (94,926) 245,717 (94,872) 140 (54) 0.1 [q]
78  United Kingdom 244,376 (94,354) 242,741 (93,723) 1,635 (631) 0.7 [at]
79  Uganda 241,550 (93,263) 200,520 (77,421) 41,030 (15,840) 17.0
80  Ghana 238,537 (92,100) 227,533 (87,851) 11,000 (4,200) 4.6
81  Romania 238,398 (92,046) 230,080 (88,834) 8,320 (3,210) 3.5
82  Laos 236,800 (91,430) 230,800 (89,110) 6,000 (2,000) 2.5 [au]
83  Guyana 214,969 (83,000) 196,850 (76,004) 18,120 (6,996) 8.4
84  Belarus 207,600 (80,160) 202,900 (78,340) 4,700 (1,800) 2.3 [av]
85  Kyrgyzstan 199,949 (77,201) 191,800 (74,050) 8,150 (3,150) 4.1
86  Senegal 196,712 (75,951) 192,530 (74,336) 4,180 (1,610) 2.1
87  Syria 185,180 (71,498) 183,630 (70,900) 1,550 (598) 0.8 [aw]
88  Cambodia 181,035 (69,898) 176,520 (68,155) 4,520 (1,750) 2.5
–  Somaliland 177,000 (68,300) [ax]
89  Uruguay 176,215 (68,037) 175,015 (67,574) 1,200 (460) 0.7
90  Suriname 163,820 (63,251) 156,000 (60,200) 7,820 (3,020) 4.8 [ay]
91  Tunisia 163,610 (63,170) 155,360 (59,985) 8,250 (3,190) 5.0
92  Bangladesh 148,460 (57,321) 130,170 (50,259) 18,290 (7,062) 12.3 [az]
93    Nepal 147,181 (56,827) 143,350 (55,348) 3,830 (1,480) 2.6 [ba]
94  Tajikistan 144,100 (55,640) 141,510 (54,637) 2,590 (1,000) 1.8
95  Greece 131,957 (50,949) 128,900 (49,770) 1,310 (506) 2.3
96  Nicaragua 130,373 (50,337) 120,340 (46,464) 10,030 (3,873) 7.7 [bb]
97  North Korea 120,538 (46,540) 120,410 (46,491) 130 (50) 0.1 [bc]
98  Malawi 118,484 (45,747) 94,080 (36,320) 24,404 (9,422) 20.6 [bd]
99  Eritrea 117,600 (45,410) 101,000 (39,000) 16,600 (6,410) 14.1 [be]
100  Benin 114,763 (44,310) 112,760 (43,537) 2,000 (800) 1.7
101  Honduras 112,492 (43,433) 111,890 (43,201) 600 (200) 0.5
102  Liberia 111,369 (43,000) 96,320 (37,190) 15,049 (5,810) 13.5 [q]
103  Bulgaria 110,879 (42,811) 108,489 (41,888) 2,390 (923) 2.2 [bf]
104  Cuba 109,884 (42,426) 103,800 (40,080) 6,080 (2,350) 5.5 [bg]
105  Guatemala 108,889 (42,042) 107,160 (41,375) 1,730 (668) 1.6
106  Iceland 103,000 (39,800) 100,830 (38,931) 2,170 (838) 2.1
107  South Korea 100,432 (38,777) 97,600 (37,700) 2,800 (1,100) 2.8 [bh]
108  Hungary 93,025 (35,917) 91,260 (35,240) 1,770 (683) 1.9
109  Portugal 92,225 (35,608) 91,606 (35,369) 620 (240) 0.7
110  Jordan 89,318 (34,486) 88,794 (34,284) 524 (202) 0.6
111  Serbia 88,499 (34,170) 88,499 (34,170) 0 0 [bi]
112  Azerbaijan 86,600 (33,400) 82,650 (31,910) 3,950 (1,530) 4.6 [bj]
113  Austria 83,878 (32,385) 82,520 (31,860) 1,359 (525) 1.6
114  United Arab Emirates 83,600 (32,300) 82,880 (32,000) 720 (280) 0.9 [bk]
115  Czech Republic 78,871 (30,452) 77,187 (29,802) 1,684 (650) 2.1
116  Panama 75,320 (29,080) 74,180 (28,640) 1,143 (441) 1.5
117  Sierra Leone 72,300 (27,900) 72,180 (27,870) 120 (46) 0.2
118  Ireland 70,273 (27,133) 68,883 (26,596) 1,390 (537) 2.0 [bl]
119  Georgia 69,700 (26,900) 69,490 (26,830) 210 (81) 0.3 [bm]
120  Sri Lanka 65,610 (25,330) 61,860 (23,880) 3,750 (1,450) 5.7
121  Lithuania 65,286 (25,207) 62,610 (24,170) 2,680 (1,040) 4.1
122  Latvia 64,594 (24,940) 62,230 (24,030) 2,370 (915) 3.7
–  Svalbard (Norway) 62,045 (23,956) 62,045 (23,956) 0 0 [bn]
123  Togo 56,785 (21,925) 54,390 (21,000) 2,400 (930) 4.2
124  Croatia 56,594 (21,851) 55,974 (21,612) 620 (240) 1.1 [q]
125  Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,209 (19,772) 51,200 (19,800) 10 (4) 0.0
126  Costa Rica 51,100 (19,700) 51,060 (19,710) 40 (20) 0.1
127  Slovakia 49,035 (18,933) 48,080 (18,560) 950 (370) 1.9
128  Dominican Republic 48,670 (18,790) 48,320 (18,660) 350 (140) 0.7
129  Estonia 45,339 (17,505) 42,388 (16,366) 2,840 (1,100) 6.3
130  Denmark 42,947 (16,582) 42,434 (16,384) 660 (260) 1.5 [bo]
131  Netherlands 41,865 (16,164) 33,893 (13,086) 7,650 (2,950) 19.0 [bp]
132   Switzerland 41,291 (15,943) 39,510 (15,260) 1,781 (688) 4.3
133  Bhutan 38,394 (14,824) 38,140 (14,730) 250 (97) 0.7
134  Guinea-Bissau 36,125 (13,948) 28,120 (10,860) 8,010 (3,090) 22.2
–  Taiwan 35,980 (13,890) 32,260 (12,460) 3,720 (1,440) 10.3 [bq]
135  Moldova 33,847 (13,068) 32,970 (12,730) 880 (340) 2.6 [br]
136  Belgium 30,528 (11,787) 30,280 (11,690) 250 (97) 0.8
137  Lesotho 30,355 (11,720) 30,355 (11,720) 0 0
138  Armenia 29,743 (11,484) 28,470 (10,990) 1,270 (490) 4.3
139  Solomon Islands 28,896 (11,157) 27,990 (10,810) 910 (350) 3.1
140  Albania 28,748 (11,100) 27,400 (10,600) 330 (130) 1.1
141  Equatorial Guinea 28,051 (10,831) 28,051 (10,831) 0 0
142  Burundi 27,834 (10,747) 25,680 (9,915) 2,150 (830) 7.7
143  Haiti 27,750 (10,710) 27,560 (10,640) 190 (73) 0.7
144  Rwanda 26,338 (10,169) 24,670 (9,525) 1,670 (645) 6.3
145  North Macedonia 25,713 (9,928) 25,220 (9,737) 490 (190) 1.9
146  Djibouti 23,200 (8,960) 23,180 (8,950) 20 (8) 0.1 [q]
147  Belize 22,965 (8,867) 22,810 (8,807) 160 (62) 0.7
148  Israel 21,937 (8,470) 21,497 (8,300) 440 (170) 2.1 [bs]
149  El Salvador 21,041 (8,124) 20,720 (8,000) 320 (120) 1.5 [bt]
150  Slovenia 20,273 (7,827) 20,151 (7,780) 122 (47) 0.6 [q]
–  New Caledonia (France) 18,575 (7,172) 18,275 (7,056) 300 (100) 1.6 [q]
151  Fiji 18,272 (7,055) 18,272 (7,055) 0 0
152  Kuwait 17,818 (6,880) 17,818 (6,880) 0 0
153  Eswatini 17,363 (6,704) 17,200 (6,640) 160 (62) 0.9
154  East Timor 14,874 (5,743) 14,874 (5,743) 0 0 [q]
155  Bahamas 13,880 (5,359) 10,010 (3,865) 3,870 (1,490) 27.8
156  Montenegro 13,812 (5,333) 13,452 (5,194) 360 (140) 2.6
157  Vanuatu 12,189 (4,706) 12,189 (4,706) 0 0
–  Falkland Islands (UK) 12,173 (4,700) 12,173 (4,700) 0 0
158  Qatar 11,586 (4,473) 11,586 (4,473) 0 0 [q]
159  Gambia 11,295 (4,361) 10,120 (3,907) 1,180 (456) 10.4 [bu]
160  Jamaica 10,991 (4,244) 10,830 (4,181) 160 (62) 1.5
–  Kosovo 10,887 (4,203) 10,887 (4,203) 0 0 [q]
161  Lebanon 10,452 (4,036) 10,230 (3,950) 220 (85) 2.1
162  Cyprus 9,251 (3,572) 9,241 (3,568) 10 (4) 0.1 [bv]
–  Puerto Rico (US) 9,100 (3,500) 8,868 (3,424) 232 (89) 2.5 [36]
–  Abkhazia 8,665 (3,346) [bw]
–  French Southern Territories (France) 7,747 (2,991) 7,668 (2,961) 80 (30) 1.0 [bx]
163  Palestine 6,020 (2,320) 6,025 (2,326) 0 (0) 0 [by]
164  Brunei 5,765 (2,226) 5,270 (2,040) 500 (200) 8.7
165  Trinidad and Tobago 5,127 (1,980) 5,127 (1,980) 0 0
–  French Polynesia (France) 4,167 (1,609) 3,827 (1,478) 340 (130) 8.2 [q]
–  Transnistria 4,163 (1,607) [bz]
166  Cape Verde 4,033 (1,557) 4,033 (1,557) 0 0
–  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) 3,903 (1,507) 3,903 (1,507) 0 0 [q]
–  South Ossetia 3,900 (1,500) [ca]
–  Northern Cyprus 3,355 (1,295) [cb]
167  Samoa 2,842 (1,097) 2,780 (1,070) 10 (4) 0.4
168  Luxembourg 2,586 (998) 2,574 (994) 16 (6) 0.6
– Bir Tawil (terra nullius) 2,060 (795) 2,060 (795) 0 0
169  Mauritius 2,040 (788) 2,030 (784) 10 (4) 0.5 [cc]
170  Comoros 1,861 (719) 1,861 (719) 0 0 [cd]
–  Åland (Finland) 1,581 (610) 1,553 (600) 28 (11) 1.8 [ce]
–  Faroe Islands (Denmark) 1,393 (538) 1,393 (538) 0 0 [q]
–  Hong Kong (China) 1,114 (430) 1,050 (405) 60 (20) 5.4 [cf]
171  São Tomé and Príncipe 964 (372) 964 (372) 0 0
–  Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) 948 (366) 948 (366) 0 0
172  Kiribati 811 (313) 811 (313) 0 0 [cg]
173  Bahrain 778 (300) 778 (300) 0 0 [ch]
174  Dominica 750 (290) 750 (290) 0 0
175  Tonga 747 (288) 720 (280) 30 (10) 4.0
176  Singapore 736 (284) 726 (280) 10 (4) 1.4 [ci]
177  Micronesia 702 (271) 700 (300) 0 0
178  Saint Lucia 616 (238) 610 (240) 10 (4) 1.6
–  Isle of Man (UK) 572 (221) 570 (220) 0 0
–  Guam (US) 541 (209) 540 (210) 0 0
179  Andorra 468 (181) 468 (181) 0 0 [cj]
180  Palau 459 (177) 459 (177) 0 0
–  Northern Mariana Islands (US) 457 (176) 457 (176) 0 0
181  Seychelles 457 (176) 457 (176) 0 0 [ck]
–  Curaçao (Netherlands) 444 (171) 444 (171) 0 0 [cl]
182  Antigua and Barbuda 442 (171) 442 (171) 0 0
183  Barbados 431 (166) 431 (166) 0 0
–  Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Australia) 412 (159) 412 (159) 0 0 [q]
–  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK) 394 (152) 394 (152) 0 0 [cm]
184  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 389 (150) 389 (150) 0 0
–  Jan Mayen (Norway) 377 (146) 377 (146) 0 0 [q]
–  U.S. Virgin Islands (US) 347 (134) 347 (134) 0 0
185  Grenada 345 (133) 340 (130) 0 0
186  Malta 315 (122) 315 (122) 0 0 [cn]
187  Maldives 300 (100) 300 (100) 0 0 [co]
–  Bonaire (Netherlands) 288 (111) 288 (111) 0 0 [cl]
–  Cayman Islands (UK) 264 (102) 240 (93) 24 (9) 0
188  Saint Kitts and Nevis 261 (101) 261 (101) 0 0 [cp]
–  Niue 260 (100) 260 (100) 0 0 [cq]
–  Akrotiri and Dhekelia (UK) 254 (98) [cr]
–  Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) 242 (93) 230 (89) 10 (4) 4.2
–  Cook Islands 236 (91) 236 (91) 0 0 [cs]
–  American Samoa (US) 199 (77) 199 (77) 0 0
189  Marshall Islands 181 (70) 180 (69) 0 0
–  Aruba (Netherlands) 180 (69) 180 (69) 0 0 [cl]
–  Easter Island (Chile) 163 (63) 163 (63) 0 0 [ct]
190  Liechtenstein 160 (62) 160 (62) 0 0 [cu]
–  British Virgin Islands (UK) 151 (58) 151 (58) 0 0
–  Wallis and Futuna (France) 142 (55) 142 (55) 0 0
–  Christmas Island (Australia) 135 (52) 135 (52) 0 0 [q]
–  Jersey (UK) 116 (45) 116 (45) 0 0 [q]
–  Montserrat (UK) 103 (40) 100 (40) 0 0
–  Anguilla (UK) 91 (35) 91 (35) 0 0
–  Guernsey (UK) 78 (30) 78 (30) 0 0 [q]
191  San Marino 61 (24) 61 (24) 0 0 [cv]
–  British Indian Ocean Territory (UK) 60 (20) 60 (20) 0 0 [q]
–  Bermuda (UK) 54 (21) 54 (21) 0 0
– Saint Martin (France) 53 (20) 53 (20) 0 0
–  Bouvet Island (Norway) 49 (19) 49 (19) 0 0 [q]
–  Pitcairn Islands (UK) 47 (18) 47 (18) 0 0 [cw]
–  Norfolk Island (Australia) 36 (14) 36 (14) 0 0 [q]
–  Sint Maarten (Netherlands) 34 (13) 34 (13) 0 0 [cl]
–  U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (US) 34 (13) 34 (13) 0 0 [cx]
–  Macau (China) 33 (13) 33 (13) 0 0
192  Tuvalu 26 (10) 26 (10) 0 0
–  Saint Barthélemy (France) 22 (8) 20 (8) 0 0
193  Nauru 21 (8) 20 (8) 0 0 [cy]
–  Sint Eustatius (Netherlands) 21 (8) [cl]
–  Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) 14 (5) 14 (5) 0 0 [q]
–  Saba (Netherlands) 13 (5) [cl]
–  Tokelau (New Zealand) 12 (5) 12 (5) 0 0
–  Gibraltar (UK) 6.8 (2.6) 6.8 (2.6) 0 0 [cz]
–  Clipperton Island (France) 6.0 (2.3) 2.0 (0.77) 4.0 (1.5) 66.7 [da]
–  Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Australia) 5.0 (1.9) 5.0 (1.9) 0 0 [q]
–  Coral Sea Islands (Australia) 3.0 (1.2) 3.0 (1.2) 0 0 [db]
– Spratly Islands (disputed) 2.0 (0.77) 2.0 (0.77) 0 0 [54]
194  Monaco 2.0 (0.77) 2.0 (0.77) 0 0 [dc]
195  Vatican City 0.49 (0.19) 0.49 (0.19) 0 0 [dd]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The European Union is a unique supranational union. It covers a total area of 4,236,351 km2,[1] and would be ranked 7th if it were included (3.0% of world's total land area).
  2. ^ The largest country in the world, which spans two continents, and most of northern Eurasia; with about 1/9th of the world's total landmass. Russia's European portion is roughly 4,000,000 km2, which is around 40% of the total landmass of Europe, making Russia the largest country in Europe; and its Asian portion, which covers all of Northern Asia, is around 13,100,000 km2, making Russia the largest country in Asia.
  3. ^ 98% of the land area is covered by ice and snow. The following countries have territorial claims in Antarctica: Argentina (969,000 km2), Australia (5,896,500 km2), Chile (1,250,000 km2), France (432,000 km2), New Zealand (450,000 km2), Norway (including Peter I Island) (2,500,000 km2) and United Kingdom (1,395,000 km2), which to some extent overlap. The area from 90°W to 150°W (2,100,000 km2) is unclaimed territory. These areas normally have no human inhabitants except scientists.
  4. ^ Largest country completely in the Western Hemisphere by total area (second-largest by land area after the United States); with the largest surface area of water; largest contiguous country in North America. Total area and water area figures include area covered by freshwater only and do not include internal waters (non-freshwater) of about 1,600,000 km2, nor territorial waters of 200,000 km2.[5][6]
  5. ^ The United Nations Statistics Division, the CIA World Factbook, and the Encyclopædia Britannica all rank the United States ahead of China in total area. However, the figures used by each source include coastal and territorial waters for the United States but exclude coastal and territorial waters for China. China's coastal and territorial water figures are unknown (no official publication) and thus cannot be added into China's total area figure. But Encyclopædia Britannica specifies the United States' area excluding coastal and territorial waters as 9,525,067 km2,[7] less than the figure given for China's area by any of the three sources. Therefore, while it can be determined that China has a larger area excluding coastal and territorial waters, it is unclear which country has a larger area including coastal and territorial waters.
  6. ^ Largest country entirely in Asia, and second-largest country in the world by land area. Excludes Taiwan, disputed territories with India, and disputed islands in the South China Sea. Figures for total area and water area also exclude all coastal and territorial waters.[1]
  7. ^ Figures are from the U.S. Census and include "inland" water and "Great Lakes" water, but exclude coastal and territorial water.[8] NOAA cites the Great Lakes as an example of internal water,[9] but the federal government sometimes treats the Great Lakes as "high seas".[10]
  8. ^ Data are from the CIA. Largest country in South America, and largest country in the Southern Hemisphere, even discounting its territory north of the equator.
  9. ^ Data are from the CIA. Geoscience Australia gives an official total of 7,668,287 km2.[11] Largest country in Oceania. Figures exclude external territories.[12] and the Australian Antarctic Territory (5,896,500 km2).
  10. ^ Includes disputed territories not under Indian control but claimed by India.
  11. ^ Data are from the CIA. Largest Spanish-speaking country and second-largest country in South America. Excludes claims on Argentine Antarctica (969,000 km2), on Malvinas/Falkland Islands (12,173 km2) and on South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (3,903 km2).
  12. ^ Largest landlocked country. Transcontinental country located in Asia and Europe.
  13. ^ Largest country in Africa; also largest in the Arab world and the Mediterranean Basin. The area of internal waters is officially reported as 0[13] even though several seasonal lakes and permanent reservoirs exist in the country.
  14. ^ Second-largest French-speaking country. Largest country in Central and Sub-Saharan Africa. Second-largest country in Africa, has the largest French-speaking city (Kinshasa). Data are from the CIA.
  15. ^ Comprising the total areas of Greenland, the Faroes and mainland Denmark. Data are from the CIA.
  16. ^ Largest island in the world, largest territory in the Kingdom of Denmark, and the largest inhabited non-sovereign territory in the world. A total of 1,755,636 km2 (81%) of the land area is covered by ice; the ice-free area amounts to 410,450 km2. Data are from the CIA.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Data are from the CIA.
  18. ^ Transcontinental country located in Asia and Oceania. Largest country in Southeast Asia. Largest island country and archipelagic state in the world by area and population. Data are from the CIA.
  19. ^ Data are from the CIA[1] The UN lists a figure of 1,628,750 km2, which refers to land area only.
  20. ^ Largest landlocked country in Africa.
  21. ^ Excludes the Ilemi Triangle (14,000 km2). Data are from the CIA.
  22. ^ Transcontinental country located in Asia and Africa. Data are from the CIA.
  23. ^ Excludes claims in Guyana–Venezuela territorial dispute (160,000 km2). Data are from the CIA.
  24. ^ Data from the CIA[1] has been supplemented with commonly-given figures for disputed areas administered by Pakistan: Azad Kashmir (13,297 km2) [14] and Gilgit-Baltistan (72,971 km2),[15] assumed to be land.
  25. ^ Data are from the CIA. Transcontinental country located in Asia and Europe.
  26. ^ Excludes claims in Antarctica. Data are from the CIA.
  27. ^ Figure is from the CIA[1] and South Sudan's official site.[16] The UN Statistics division gives a figure of 658,841, while the UN FAO gives a water area of 1,980 km2 and a land area of only 631,930 km2. Academic articles give varying totals between 619,000 km2[17] and 658,842 km2.[18]
  28. ^ Figures include metropolitan France (in Europe) as well as the five overseas regions. This does not include New Caledonia, the five autonomous overseas collectivities, and the two uninhabited territories (the French Southern Territories and Clipperton Island). The Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies), gives an area figure of 632,702 km2.[19] Largest country in the European Union.
  29. ^ Includes Somaliland.
  30. ^ Data are from the CIA. Includes the Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine.
  31. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN Statistics department gives a figure of 591,958 km2 which may include part of Lake Victoria.
  32. ^ Metropolitan France (the part of France located in Europe). Data are from the CIA.
  33. ^ May not include territory ceded by Saudi Arabia in the Jeddah Treaty due to the Saudi–Yemen barrier.
  34. ^ Data by the World Factbook.[20]
  35. ^ Does not include the disputed Western Sahara, shown separately. If the whole of Western Sahara is included (which Morocco controls approximately two-thirds of), the area would be 710,800 km2 and the rank would be #39.
  36. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN figure of 435,052 km2 excludes the three autonomous provinces of Iraqi Kurdistan.
  37. ^ Data are from the CIA. The Kingdom of Norway, including Jan Mayen and Svalbard, but excluding Bouvet Island and the Antarctic territorial claims of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land.
  38. ^ Data are from the CIA. The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan gives a total of 377,975 km2.[21]
  39. ^ Before the 1990 German reunification, West Germany was 248,577 km2 and East Germany was 108,333 km2.
  40. ^ Includes Åland (1,552 km2). Data are from the CIA.
  41. ^ Data are from the CIA. Excluding Bouvet Island (49 km2), Jan Mayen (377 km2), and Svalbard (62,045 km2), shown separately, and the Antarctic territorial claims of Peter I Island (154 km2) and Queen Maud Land (2,700,000 km2).
  42. ^ The UN and CIA agree on the figure of exactly 300 thousand km2, but some academic sources give a much higher total of 343,448 km2.[22][23]
  43. ^ Data are from the CIA, which includes the Galápagos Islands (7,880 km2).[1] UN figures give a total of 257,215 km2.
  44. ^ Data are from the CIA. Figures exclude the Cook Islands, Niue, and Tokelau, shown separately, as well as the Antarctic claim of Ross Dependency.
  45. ^ A disputed territory with undetermined political status.[24] Formerly Spanish Sahara up to 1976, administration is currently split between Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, both of which claim the entire territory. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic's administrative control is limited to approximately 30% of the territory, with the remaining 70% of the territory occupied by Morocco.[25] The United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara is the United Nations peacekeeping mission to the territory (see Western Sahara conflict).
  46. ^ Data is from the UK Office for National Statistics as supplied to the UN.[26] Excludes the three Crown Dependencies (768 km2) or the 14 British Overseas Territories (1,742,857 km2), each shown separately.
  47. ^ Only landlocked country in Southeast Asia.
  48. ^ Data are from the CIA. Largest landlocked country in Europe.
  49. ^ Includes the parts of the Golan Heights (1,295 km2) occupied by Israel.
  50. ^ Somaliland is claimed in whole by Somalia.[27]
  51. ^ Smallest country in South America.
  52. ^ Area according to Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics is 147,570 km2.[28]
  53. ^ The Government of Nepal gives its area as 147,516 km2, which includes an additional 335 square kilometers of disputed territory under Indian administration.[29]
  54. ^ Largest country in Central America.
  55. ^ Excludes claim on South Korea.
  56. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN Statistics division gives an area of 94,552 km2 which may exclude parts of Lake Malawi considered integral by some definitions.
  57. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN FAO gives land and water figures of 121041 km2 and 589 km2, respectively.
  58. ^ Data are from the CIA. Largest country in the Balkans by continental area within the Balkans.
  59. ^ Largest country in the West Indies.
  60. ^ Excludes claim on North Korea.
  61. ^ Figures are official and include Serbia's claim on Kosovo. The 2023 Statistical Yearbook describes its figure as "provisional" and "land area".[30] The UN FAO estimates some 900 km2 of water area. The CIA gives separate figures for Serbia (77,474 km2) and Kosovo (10,877 km2).[1]
  62. ^ Largest country in the Caucasus. Transcontinental country located in Asia and Europe.
  63. ^ Total figure is official sum of provinces, land area is official[31] and water area is implied, excluding some of the reported 27,625 km2 of "territorial water". The UN replicates the land-only figure while the CIA reports 83,600 km2 of land and no water.[1]
  64. ^ The figure shown is for the Republic of Ireland; the island of Ireland is 84,421 km2.[32]
  65. ^ Transcontinental country located in Asia and Europe. The figure shown includes Abkhazia (8,665 km2)[33] and South Ossetia (3,900 km2),[34] both de facto independent from Georgia.
  66. ^ The UN gives a combined area for Svalbard and Jan Mayen as 62,422 km2. The separate figures shown are from the CIA World Factbook.[1]
  67. ^ Includes Denmark proper only, but excludes the autonomous territories in the Kingdom of Denmark, shown separately.
  68. ^ Data are from the CIA[1] and are for Netherlands proper, which includes the Caribbean Netherlands. May include coastal water. Excludes Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. The Kingdom of the Netherlands totals to 42,201 km2.
  69. ^ Data are from the CIA. Excludes claim on mainland China. Taiwan's official figure is 36,197 km2 of land area.[35]
  70. ^ The figure shown includes the area of Transnistria (4,163 km2), which is de facto independent from Moldova.
  71. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN/Israel Central Bureau of Statistics figure of 22,072 km2 includes the Golan Heights (1,200 km2) and East Jerusalem (70 km2), which are not internationally recognised as part of Israel.
  72. ^ Smallest country on the American continent.
  73. ^ Smallest country in continental Africa.
  74. ^ Includes the largely unrecognized but de facto independent Northern Cyprus (3,355 km2), the UN buffer zone (346 km2) and Akrotiri and Dhekelia (254 km2).[1]
  75. ^ Abkhazia is claimed in whole by Georgia, and has limited international recognition.[37]
  76. ^ Excludes claim on Adélie Land in Antarctica. Data are from the CIA.
  77. ^ The CIA gives the areas of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip separately as 5,860 km2 and 360 km2 respectively. The figure for the West Bank includes East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land, but excludes Mount Scopus.[1] The UN source differs by 200 km2 and may exclude the area of the Dead Sea pertaining to the West Bank.
  78. ^ Transnistria is claimed in whole by Moldova, and has limited international recognition
  79. ^ South Ossetia is claimed in whole by Georgia.[38]
  80. ^ Academic articles most frequently give the figure shown,[39] while an official brochure gives 3,248 km2.[40] Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is a self-declared state recognised only by Turkey.
  81. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN figure of 1,969 km2 excludes the Agaléga Islands and Saint Brandon (Cargados Carajos).
  82. ^ All figures are from the UN FAO. The CIA[1] and the UN Statistics department give an area of 2,235 km2, which includes Mayotte (374 km2), an overseas department and region of France.
  83. ^ Åland is an autonomous region of Finland, and thus is a part of the European Union.[41]
  84. ^ UN figures are given, including only land and internal water. Official figures include "sea area" of 1640 km2.[42]
  85. ^ Data are from the CIA. The UN figure of 726 km2 excludes 84 km2 of uninhabited islands.
  86. ^ The CIA gives a figure of 760 km2 and no water,[1] the UN Statistics division has 778 km2, the UN FAO has 790 km2 and no water, while Bahrain's official figure is 786.5 km2 excluding territorial water.[43]
  87. ^ Data from the Singapore Department of Statistics.[44]
  88. ^ European microstate.
  89. ^ Smallest country in Africa.
  90. ^ a b c d e f Data are from official statistics.[45]
  91. ^ Comprising Saint Helena (122 km2), Ascension Island (88 km2), and Tristan da Cunha (184 km2). Data are from the CIA.
  92. ^ European microstate. Smallest European Union member state.
  93. ^ Smallest country in Asia.
  94. ^ Smallest country in the Americas and the Western Hemisphere.
  95. ^ Niue, in free association with New Zealand, has limited international recognition
  96. ^ Comprises Akrotiri (123 km2) and Dhekelia (131 km2),[1] together making up 3% of the island of Cyprus.
  97. ^ The Cook Islands, in free association with New Zealand, has limited international recognition
  98. ^ Various sources give figures between 161 km2[46] and 166 km2.[47]
  99. ^ European microstate.
  100. ^ European microstate.
  101. ^ The figure shown is from the CIA Factbook, and includes Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Island.[1] The UN figure is 5 km2, and only includes area for Pitcairn island itself, the only inhabited island in the group.
  102. ^ Includes CIA figures of Wake Island,[48] Navassa Island[49] and all of the United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges.[50] May exclude some lagoon water or classify lagoon water as land.
  103. ^ Smallest island country, and smallest country that is not a city-state.
  104. ^ Land figure is official[51] while the CIA states zero water area.[1]
  105. ^ The CIA gives a total area of 6 km2 and no water, but Britannica gives a land area of 2 km2[52] and Coral Reefs has given a water area of 4 km2.[53]
  106. ^ The CIA gives an estimate of less than 3 km2.[1] The territory comprises many low atolls and reefs, spanning some 780,000 km2 of territorial water.
  107. ^ European microstate. Smallest United Nations member state.[55]
  108. ^ European microstate. Smallest country in the world. The De Agostini Atlas Calendar listed the area of Vatican City as 0.44 km2 in its 1930 edition[56] but corrected it to 0.49 km2 in its 1945–46 edition.[57] The figure of 0.44 km2 is still widely cited by many sources despite its inaccuracy.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Country Comparisons - Area". CIA. 6 July 2023. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  2. ^ Central Intelligence Agency. "Definitions and notes: Area". The World Factbook. Government of the United States. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  3. ^ Under "World Summary", see Table 3 and select 'pdf' or 'xls'."Demographic Yearbook – 2022". unstats.un.org. 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
  4. ^ "FAOSTAT". fao.org. Archived from the original on 12 November 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  5. ^ Statistics Canada. "Land and freshwater area, by province and territory". www.statcan.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  6. ^ Fisheries and Oceans Canada. "Canada's Ocean Estate". www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  7. ^ "United States". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 27 September 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  8. ^ "State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates". census.gov. 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  9. ^ "Examples of internal waters include rivers, canals, and lakes, including The Great Lakes." "Maritime Zones and Boundaries". noaa.gov. 15 February 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  10. ^ "a number of U.S. federal court decisions have treated the Great Lakes as “high seas” for purposes of federal admiralty and maritime jurisdiction as well as for federal criminal jurisdiction." "The Great Lakes". noaa.gov. 20 March 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  11. ^ "Land areas of States and Territories". ga.gov.au. 27 June 2014. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  12. ^ "Remote Offshore Territories". ga.gov.au. 27 June 2014. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  13. ^ Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015: Country Report Algeria (PDF) (Report) (in French). FAO. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
  14. ^ Zutshi, Chitralekha (2018). Kashmir: History, Politics, Representation. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-18197-7. Archived from the original on 18 February 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  15. ^ "Gilgit Baltistan: Impact Of Climate Change On Biodiversity". unpo.org. 11 February 2013. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
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  17. ^ Jordan, L. (19 October 2017). "Applying Thiessen Polygon Catchment Areas and Gridded Population Weights to Estimate Conflict-drive Population Changes in South Sudan". ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. IV-4–W2: 23–30. Bibcode:2017ISPAn44W2...23J. doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W2-23-2017. ISSN 2196-6346. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  18. ^ Kose, Musa; Kongas, Kuyu (26 December 2023). "The Challenges and Prospects of South Sudan Agriculture". Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Research. 7 (2): 101–108. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  19. ^ "Territory comparator". Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  20. ^ "Sweden". Central Intelligence Agency. 16 March 2024. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2024 – via CIA.gov.
  21. ^ "Area Survey by Prefectures, Cities, Towns and Villages in Japan" (in Japanese). Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  22. ^ Guevarra, Jonathan P.; Franklin, Richard C.; Peden, Amy E. (2021). ""I Want to See a Drowning-Free Philippines": A Qualitative Study of the Current Situation, Key Challenges and Future Recommendations for Drowning Prevention in the Philippines". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (2): 381. doi:10.3390/ijerph18020381. PMC 7825393. PMID 33419053.
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  27. ^ "Somaliland profile". BBC. 2 January 2024. Archived from the original on 16 December 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  28. ^ "Bangladesh Selected Statistics" (PDF). bbs.gov.bd. 1 July 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  29. ^ "Government unveils new political map including Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura inside Nepal borders". kathmandupost.com. Archived from the original on 4 January 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  30. ^ "Statistical Yearbook 2023" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  31. ^ "Fact sheet". u.ae. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  32. ^ "Geography of Ireland". Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
  33. ^ "Abkhazia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Archived from the original on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  34. ^ "South Ossetia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  35. ^ "Natural Taiwan". taiwan.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  36. ^ "State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  37. ^ "Abkhazia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Archived from the original on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  38. ^ "South Ossetia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  39. ^ Kliot; Mansfield (August 1997). "The political landscape of partition: The case of Cyprus". Political Geography. 16 (6): 495–521. doi:10.1016/S0962-6298(96)00020-0. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  40. ^ "Facts on the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (PDF). mfa.gov.ct.tr. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  41. ^ "About Åland". norden.org. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  42. ^ "Lands Department - Hong Kong Geographic Data". www.landsd.gov.hk. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  43. ^ "Facts & Figures". data.gov.bh. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  44. ^ "Environment - Latest Data". Singapore Department of Statistics. 31 January 2023. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
  45. ^ "What are the different parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands?". government.nl. 12 September 2017. Archived from the original on 4 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
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  47. ^ Mieth, Andreas; Bork, Hans-Rudolf (31 October 2005). "History, origin and extent of soil erosion on Easter Island (Rapa Nui)". Catena. 63 (2–3): 244–260. Bibcode:2005Caten..63..244M. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2005.06.011. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  48. ^ "Wake Island". cia.gov. 17 January 2024. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  49. ^ "Navassa Island". cia.gov. 17 January 2024. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  50. ^ "United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges". cia.gov. 22 December 2022. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  51. ^ "Key indicators". gibraltar.gov.gi. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  52. ^ "Clipperton Island". britannica.com. 27 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 May 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  53. ^ Charpy; Rodier; et al. (2010). "Clipperton, a possible future for atoll lagoons". Coral Reefs. 29 (3): 771–783. Bibcode:2010CorRe..29..771C. doi:10.1007/s00338-010-0627-0. S2CID 44581800. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  54. ^ "Natural land area in the Spratly Islands does not exceed 2 km2" Carmen, Ma.; Ablan-Lagman, A. (2019). Chapter 26 - The Spratly Islands. pp. 583–591. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-100853-9.00026-9. ISBN 978-0-08-100853-9. S2CID 134987358. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  55. ^ "Key Facts About Monaco". Embassy of Monaco in Washington DC. 2020. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  56. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar Archived 16 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 1930, p. 99. (in Italian)
  57. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar Archived 16 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 1945–46, p. 128. (in Italian)
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